The marvellous peturoi. Nature’s well-stocked fishing pools of Buin
04 June 2015
An entry in the Crocodile Prize
Cleland Family Award for Heritage Writing
EVERY rainy season in Buin, South Bougainville, sprouts forth the phenomenon of the peturoi.
These are pools abundant with aquatic life – fish, eels, river prawns and so on – and are created as the meandering river systems change course building up sedimentation that forms blocked bodies of water where people go to fish.
There are a number of peturoi types known across the plains of Buin. Some peturoi lakes are formed when a large river system creates a new course and others are created when a river in flood overflows and spreads across the land. When it recedes, there are bodies of water with fish left behind in low-lying areas of the land.
In other instances heavy sedimentation in a larger river system blocks a small gully, creek or stream to build up a large body of water trapping the aquatic life with no way to escape from a protein-hunting Buin man or woman.
From the Mivo River on the Siwai-Buin border to the Laluai River on the Kieta-Buin border, the flood season makes this significant contribution to daily life and the food cycle.
When the rain in the mountains of Buin eases off, the lower lying areas of Buin District come to life.
Women and men and their children trek the river banks and adjacent jungle looking for peturoi pools, weirs or dams that may have formed on their customary land.
Once identified as rich with aquatic life and safe for fishing (for river crocodiles also end up in the peturoi pools), these bodies of water are declared as to who will lead their exploitation.
Plans are made for the bounty: family consumption; trade to distant lands; feasting for significant events set and market sales.
The peturoi systems, now rich with trapped eels and elvers, river prawns, many river fish species and freshwater crocodiles, are a food stock for the hungry people of the Buin flood plains.
A few cuscus also fall victim when their isolated tree or trees are surrounded by a peturoi and they have no safe passage to safer ground.
The two main fishing nets associated by the Buin people are the lauan and the mogupai.
Both are made from carefully peeled cane bark. There peelings are then skilfully weaved into basket-shapes with openings.
The lauan is larger and mostly used by male fishermen. They are woven as long as two metres and sometimes as wide as a metre. They have a small entrance woven into the shape of a funnel.
Through this passage bait like grasshoppers are placed inside. The eel or other water creature can enter but once inside has no exit.
The mogupai, on the other hand, is used mostly by the womenfolk. They have the cane net attached to circular curved cane the diameter of a bicycle wheel.
The woman using it goes into the water and moves about tracking the prawns, eels and so and trying to trap them.
In other situations, a small outlet in a peturoi is opened and the mogupai becomes the strainer that the entire body of water passes through together with its supply of trapped prawns, eels and fish.
Through oral history we know that the peturoi catches have great significance.
First and foremost, it meets family food needs whether in daily life or for feasting, festivities and events like funerals and bride price ceremonies.
Furthermore, the catches from the peturoi are used for trade. The low-lying areas regularly subjected to flooding barter their catch for garden food with the mountain people.
The peturoi is will long be a remarkable source of food sustenance for the low-lying and often waterlogged land areas between the Mivo and Laluai rivers of the Buin District.
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